Carbureter.



A. HUGGINS & W. J. PARKER.-

GARBURETBR.

APPLIUATION FILED 2,211.20, 100s.

982,428. Patented Jau 24, 1911.

` 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

'ngz

Vlr/055555 I I l A. HUGGINS & W. J. PARKER.

GARBURETER APPLIUATION FILED Ammo, 190s.

Patented Jan. 24, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. F1 .5.

` UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

AmminHUGGrINs;l or KINGS NORTON, AND WILLIAM JAMES PARKER, or viiziosELIiiY,I

' ENGLAND.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent. .Patented Jitll. 24., 1911.

Application filed April 20, 1908. Serial No. 428,119.

To dll lwhom 'it may concer/n:

and WILLIAM JAMES PARKER, subjects of the King of England, residing at Kings Norton, Worcestershire, England, and Moseley,

`Worcestershire, England, respectively, have invented new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to carbureters for u'se in -atomizing or4 vapor-izing petrol,

' and' other volatile or analogous liquids, suitable for. use 'as fuel for actuating self-propolled vehicle engines, and other. internal combustion engines and motors.V

The invention will be described in connection with the. accompanying drawings, which illustrate lan apparatus v,in which the improvements hereunder are comprised; and with regard vto the invention claimed as novel, this is set lout in the statement of claim, comprising the several claiming clauses, concluding the specification.

And as to theseclauses, it is to be stated, that the several parts included in each of them are not individually or separately claimed as the invention, but that it-the inventioncovered or claimed in said respective clauses is the several parts included in them, in com bination, as therein specified. i

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front sectional elevation showing the carbureter ;Figy

2 is an illustration of the outlet orifice of the .valve chamber;l Figs. 2%' 2b and 2 are diagrammatic views; Fig. 3 isa side elevation partly in section;l and Fig. el isa plan in section.

, In the carbureter hereunder, aV plurality of petrol or liquid fuel supply jet pipes or nozzles are employed, each in connection with a separate air inlet tube, and the opening of these air inlet tubes is controlled or governed by a valve or valvular device operating in connection with. such tubes. Then,

ber, created bythe engine in drawing in its' charge, the amount of combustible Huid or mixture introduced, and the port openings, are synchronized in accordance with the work of the engine to be done. That is to say, when only a certain quantity of power is required to be exerted in the engine cylinders, say for instance a comparatively small proportion of the whole that would be exerted by the whole or full supply of combustible mixture, then these valvular'parts and ports are so arranged, that the induction or minus piessurein the `valvular apparatus will be such that the quantity of mixture which will be drawn in to the valvular apparatus through the partially opened ports or port, will be in accordance ,with the power to be exerted in the engine. As an illustration of this, in the particular form of the vcarbureter shown in the drawings, there are three petrol or liquid fuel inlet jet pipes4 or nozzles, each having connected with it a separate air inlet and mixing tube, the entrance orifices of which in the valve casing, are also separate, and constitute so many ports; while the outlet to this valve chamber which is controlled by a portion of the valve or valvular device, is acommon conduit; and

this is of irregular formation, as shown in Fig. Q. When one of the combustible mixture inlet tubes is opened, say pro rata with the proportion ofthe total power of the engine required,'the amount of opening of the outlet port or passage by the valvular or mixing chamber will be small, that is, choked, so that the induction or minus pressure within this mixing chamber will be small (that is, less than say that within the engine inlet valve conduit) as a quick balancing of the pressures within the cylinder and mixingl chambers is prevented by the small opening of the outlet port; and so the amount `of combustible mixture-consisting of the proper proportion ot spirit and air-will be in accordance with the power required, and in accordance with the suction pressure in the mixing chambenand not be wholly controlled by the pressure in the cylinder. l

A 'further feature under this invention, consists of the application and use within a carburetor chamber, through which the coinbustible mixture of air andatomized or vaporized combustible passes on its way to the engine, of a porous body or medium, having for its objects and effects, to holda `certain quantity of the:mixture when the engine is in thejets or nozzles.

as this supply will not take place until the'` engines have moved at a certain velocity, or a certain amount, and have produced a speed of air in the air inlet tubes 'of the ca rbureter,

which is suiiicient to lift the petrol or liquid Besides which, by arranging it in the manner hereinafter described, it promotes the production of a perfect combustible mixture which passes through it, and increases the velocity of the atomized fuel and air which passes about it,

`causing a better atomization of the fuel to be accomplished; and also enables the engine to run slower.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 is the- I, petrol 'float chamber, which may be assumed to be of any known suitable kind and construction; and 24 are three separate petrol supply kjet pipes or nozzles, disposed vertically upon the petrol supply branch 3 of the float chamber 1. These jet pipes or nozzles 1 operate in connection'with three separate vertically disposed air inlet tubes 4, which are connected with, and open out into the cy* lindrical valve case 5, the interior G of which constitutes a mixing and pressure chamber,

the inlet of air to which is at the bottom, below the liquid fuel discharge' orifices, so that the flow of both fuel and air is vertically upward, and parallel; and the openings of the tubes 4 in this chamber 'constitute so many combustible mixture inlet ports.

The egress or exit conduit or port 7. is at the top of the casing 5, and opposite the tubes 4; and the casing itself is j acketed at the bottom and sides, for the circulation around it of hot water, or other heating me dium. An aperture 8 is provided in the casing 5, through which extra air may be introduced into the chamber 6 at the times and in the manner, and for the' purposes,lherein after described.

The valves or valvular devices in the case shown, consist of segmental portions or slides 10, working upon the inner walls of the casing 5, and are operated from a central spindle 11 by arms 12, fixed tothis spindle, and entering a hole in the segments 10; a spring 13 being employed behind the segmentsl to press them with the required degree of pressure onto the walls of the mixing chamber 6. By turning this spindle 11 by means of an 'operating lever, 14 in one or otherv direction,

itwill be seen that the ports Orinlet orifices of the combustible mixture inlet tubes 4, and the orifice of the egress or discharge aperture 7--which is connected with the inlet valve ofthe engine-will be both by the one actuating means, uncovered and covered, more or less, in the manner above described.

In the case of the application of the invention to a motor-car or other self-pro pelled vehicle. the lever 14 of the valve may be operated by the controlling -lever of the vehicle.

By the larrangement and .construction of the valvular device shown, the combustible mixture entering and passing through the cylindrical mixing chamber G, has a whirling motion imparted to it, with the eHe'ct that it causes a morefuniform or homogeneons mixture to be produced.

The porous body or medium above referred to is marked 20, and it is .passed around and carriedon the spindle 11.1 1nd arms 12, leaving an annular space between its periphery and the inner walls of the casvu l ing 5, for the flow of mixture. T he porous body or device may consist of a sponge, wire caged silicate of cotton, porous bricl, or any equivalent substance or device.

In passing through the chamber G, the mixture, as above stated, receives a whirling motion, and without the centralv medium20 the velocity at the center ofthe chamber would be much lower than at the circumference; but by the presence atv-the center of this medium 20, the velocity of the mixture at the outer partis always high, and the mixing effect, tending to produce a good mixture, is increased, and produces adegree of homogenity of a high order.

vof fuel and air.

The liquid fuel jets or nozzles 2 'are adjustable lvertically in relationto the tubes 4, the adjustment being forthe purpose of enabling the best positions of these two parts inrelation to each other, to be attained, to produce the most efficient mixture This is effected by connecting the valvular device, namely, the casing 5, to the float chamber 1 by means of an adjusting plate l5, which, at its lower end,

is fixed on thef'uel supply branch 3, in

which the jets or .nozzles 2 are separately screwed; and'itsupper end is secured tothe cover of the valve casing 5, by -two or more bolts 16, the parts of the slide 15 through which these bolts pass, being vertically slotted at 17, so'as to enable it-the lslide-4o be moved up and down upon the cover.

Thus the jets or nozzles 2 can be raised or lowered to any required position within-the air supply tubesA 4, and secured in that po-v sition.

When only a small quantity of combus tible fluid is required to be delivered to the engine, the relative areas of the 'inltand egress conduits or ports uncovered by the valve at the commencementfof such4 opening,

are such that the choking -i's substantial-l that-is, the egress is .considerably less than' the inlet.; while whena greater power-is required, vand the valves are opened more', the

'proportion of theoutlet area, to that of the inlet-1s increased to say 4 approximately `equal; and when fully open, the area of the outlet port or conduit is greaterfthan that `of the inlet tubes. Figs. 2, 2b and 2c show how th1s"is accomplished by means of the .lVhen the engineis required to be run at 'a very., low speed, and very little opening of the first inlet tube port 4 is given, the egress f 'by way yof the outlet conduit 4 l is much choked, (see Fig. 2a) and the induction or minus pressure within the 'chamber G is small; and therefore' the amount of combustible -mixttue'introduced isy correspondingly small. But, while the quantity of mixture is small, yet it is rich, owing to the fact that the' suction effectcaused in the carbureter chamber is comparatively small. Also when lthe inlet port is only slightly open, the suction` effecten the air inlet is reduced by the shape of the outlet port, and therefore large quantities of air cannot be drawn inl with the small quantity of petrol, and thereby renders the efficiency of the engine 'at this speed relatively high. In this way, the proportioning of the amount of combustible fluid drawn in to the valvular device, and the engine, and the power required lto be exerted in the engine, will'be accomplished.

The air port or side of the casing, in which it will become closed by the egress valve segment 10when these parts l0 open the inlet and egress conduits 4 and 7. It may be opened when inlet conduits 4 are closed, so as yto allow air to pass into the engine cylinder, by way of this apparatus, when running down-hill, say, or under other circumstances, by moving the valve slides l() in the opposite to the normal direction when supplying combustible mixture; that is whenthe upper part 10 is so moved so. as to uncover both the port- 8, and the outlet port or passage T to the cylinder. -By this lna-nner of supplying air and controlling it, as just described, an effective scavenging of the cylinders takes place, as well as serving as a controller of' speed, and brake for the engine. j

By this apparatus and invention, a ygood and effective mixture of air and etrol ror other liquid fuel' is obtained at al speeds of theengine, without the aid of extra air valves, or of automatic valves of any description; and the consumption of the petrol or liquid fuel is relatively low. Furthermore, by it, the control of supply of petrol or liquid fuel and air admitted to the carbureter, together with the control of the 1nduction .orsuctionof the engine is very effective, enabling a very rapid acceleration of the engine, with a proportional increase of horse-power, to be obtained. A. further hole 8 is placed in ythatadvantage is, that by this apparatus, com# plete immunity from flooding ofthe petrol or the like is provided; and complete and uniform atomiziug of the petrol or liquid is obtained,by the disposition of the fuel supplyjets or nozzles, and the inlet and flow of air into and through'the ,tubes 4. there is an absence in this apparatus of suction noises. Furthermore, when the engine is running at high speeds, say in the neighborhood of 150() revelations per minute, the

power of the engine is not diminished below that when running slower speeds.

lYhat 1s claimed 1s:-

lf Ina hquid fuel internal combustion en- And gine carburetei, the lcombination of a cham- Y ber having a plurality of combustible mixture orifices, and a combustible 'mixture outlet orifice of partly circular and partly 'irregular and approximately triangular shape; and valves operating in conjunction with the inlet and outlet vorifices whereby the opening of the outlet is relatively small to that of the `inlet at the commencement of the opening operation of the valves, and relatively large during the finish of the operation.

, 2. In a liquid fuel internal combustion engine carbureter, the combinationof a chamber having-a plurality of combustible mix.- ture inlet orifices, and a combustible mixture outlet orifice circular for .one half of its area andapproximately triangular for the other half of its area; and valves operatinfr in conjunction with the Vorifices whereby theopening of the outlet is relatively small to that of the inlet at the commencement. of the opening operation of the valves, and relatively large during the finish of the operation.

. 3. In a liquid fuel combustion en ine car bureter, thecombination of a cham er having a plurality of inlt orifices, constituted by vertically disposed air tubes, and an outlet orifice circularfor one half of its area, and approximately triangular for the other half of its area; a plurality of vertically disposed liquid fuel jet pipespartly projecting into the air tubes; means for adjusting the jet pipes relatively to the air tubes; and a segmental valve operatingl in conjunction with the inlet and outlet orifices for opening the same differentially.

4. In a liquid fuel combustion engine earbureter, the combination of a chamber having a plurality of inlet orifices, constituted by vertically disposed air tubes, and an out.- let orifice circular for one half of its area, and apprdximately triangular for the other half of 4its. area; a plurality of vertically disposed liquid fuel jet pipes'partly project# ing into the air tubes; means for adjusting the jet pipes relatively to the air tubes; a segmental valve having a valve spindle and operating in conjunction with the inletand outlet orifices for opening the same dierentially, and a porous body arranged in such -amanner Within the said chamber on the Valve spindle, as to. leave a space between its outer surface and the inner surface of -tlie chamber.

5. In a liquidV fuel combustion engine car'- burete'r, the combination cfa chamber hav ing a plurality of inlet orifices, constituted by vertically disposed air tubes, and an outlet orifice circular for one half of its area, and approximately triangular for the other half of its area; a plurality of vertically dis? ,posed liquid fuel jet pipes artly projecting lntothe air tubes; means or adjusting they j'j'et pipes relatively to the air tubes; a seg- -mental valve operating in conjunction with the inlet and outlet orifices for opening the same differentially, and a cylindrical porous body" concentrically arranged withinv ture.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names t0 this specification in the presence v of two subscribing witnesses.`

ALFRED HUGGINS.- WILLIAM J AMES PARKER.

Witnesses:

lltrisuir. M. WEBB, n KATHLEEN M. THOMPSON. 

